DIY Home Inspection: A Homeowner’s Guide to Proactive Maintenance

While professional home inspections are essential during a home purchase or sale, homeowners can take a proactive role in maintaining their property through regular self-assessments. A DIY home inspection helps you catch small issues early—before they turn into costly repairs. Here’s a comprehensive checklist of what you can evaluate yourself.

1. Examine the Exterior

Walk around your home's perimeter and look for cracks in the foundation, damaged siding, and water stains. Inspect the roof from the ground—look for curling shingles, damaged flashing, and clogged or broken gutters.

2. Inspect Windows and Doors

Check all windows and doors for drafts, broken seals, or damaged weather stripping. Ensure smooth operation and inspect for signs of rot or water intrusion in the frames.

3. Assess the Foundation

Look for vertical or stair-step cracks, uneven floors, or doors that don’t close properly. While small hairline cracks may be common, growing cracks can signal structural concerns.

4. Check for Water Leaks

Inspect ceilings, under sinks, around toilets, and behind appliances for signs of leaks or water damage. Watch for water stains, bubbling paint, or musty odors.

5. Evaluate Electrical Outlets and Switches

Test every outlet and switch. Check for scorched marks, loose covers, or outlets that don’t work. Consider upgrading older outlets to GFCI in bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor areas.

6. Inspect Plumbing Fixtures

Look under sinks for moisture or corrosion. Test all faucets and showers for proper pressure and drainage. Check for leaks around toilets and listen for constant running.

7. Assess the HVAC System

Replace air filters and inspect vents for dust or mold. Turn on heating and cooling systems to check for unusual sounds or weak airflow. Inspect visible ductwork for disconnections or damage.

8. Test Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Press the test button on all alarms and replace batteries if needed. Detectors should be present in bedrooms, hallways, and near fuel-burning appliances.

9. Inspect Attic and Basement Spaces

In the attic, check for signs of water leaks, proper insulation, and good airflow. In the basement, look for dampness, mold, or wall cracks. Ensure that sump pumps (if present) are functional.

10. Evaluate Appliance Performance

Test major appliances like the dishwasher, oven, washing machine, and refrigerator. Listen for odd noises and confirm they operate correctly without leaks or performance issues.

11. Check for Pest Issues

Look for droppings, nests, wood damage, or small entry points around your home’s foundation, attic, or garage. Seal any potential pest entryways.

12. Assess Garage Safety

Test the garage door opener and safety reverse features. Inspect the door for warping or damage, and ensure the track and springs are in good condition.

13. Review Insulation and Ventilation

Make sure attic insulation is adequate and not compressed or moldy. Ensure that vents aren’t blocked and that moisture isn’t accumulating in crawlspaces or attics.

14. Inspect Outdoor Spaces

Examine decks, patios, railings, and steps for loose boards, rusted nails, or rot. Make sure outdoor walkways and surfaces are even and safe.

15. Document and Plan for Repairs

Keep a checklist of your findings and prioritize items that pose safety or structural concerns. Set a maintenance schedule to gradually address lower-priority repairs.

Conclusion

A DIY home inspection doesn’t replace a professional one, but it empowers homeowners to maintain their property year-round. By staying on top of common issues, you can extend your home’s lifespan, avoid costly surprises, and protect your investment.